Have you seen Orin Kerr's prediction on the Supreme Court reversing??? I think he's way off (though it is clear he is not expressing his personal view of the merits either way).

If Kerr were right, the government would not have ditched Padilla the way it did in the Supreme Court, by intentionally mooting the case. In fact, I wouldn't be surprised if the Government pulls the same thing here if the en banc 4th reverses this.

Here's my reasoning: Four vote exist to affirm rejecting the view that the AUMF authorizes this -- Stevens, Scalia, Souter, and Ginsburg. See Hamdi.

All you need is one more, and I am sure that Breyer would provide it here.

As to the other four -- Thomas sticks to his wacky view in Hamdi that the President can do whatever the hell he wants.

Roberts, Alito and Kennedy probably vote to reverse adopting the plurality's reasoning in Hamdi. Though I wouldn't be shocked to see Kennedy flip with Breyer either.
 

Surely, he didn't refuse to provide information because he doesn't actually have any?
 

"As the court suggests in note 16, he was transferred in order to subject him to coercive, possibly abusive, interrogation."

Is there a difference between "coercive" and "abusive"? And between those and torture?
 

SCOTUS might buy that theory the "alternative holding", but I'm not sure that the en banc 4th would. The en banc 4ths worldview, I think it is fair to guess, is well to the right of SCOTUS and would find it easy to conveniently ignore the improper purpose evidence of the Rapp Declaration and the timing involved.

Also, Scalia appears to make a big distinction between aliens and citizens that other Justices do not, so it may not be clear sailing for Al-Marri with Scalia. Scalia's argument, IIRC, was that in the case of a U.S. citizen a trial by jury for treason was appropriate, but a non-citizen isn't subject to the same special constitutional treatment of the crime of treason, as he isn't betraying his own country.
 

Is there a difference between "coercive" and "abusive"? And between those and torture?

# posted by Henry : 6:20 PM

No.

But I'm not a Bushit neo-con[artist] ideologue appointed to substitute for an actual judge who knows the Constitution instead of fascsioreligiosmut.
 

Henry,

Is the following "abusive" or "coercive" in your opinion?

The Council of Europe report provides the first-ever glimpse of what took place inside the CIA's secret detention facilities in Poland and Romania. It's not a complete account -- the report attributes its information to "current and former detainees, human rights advocates, or people who have worked in the establishment or operations of CIA secret prisons" -- but it's by far the most complete account available. Here's a selection of what conditions in the so-called "black sites" were like:

Clothes were cut up and torn off; many detainees were then kept naked for several weeks. ...
At one point in 2004, eight persons were being kept together at one CIA facility in Europe, but were administered according to a strict regime of isolation. Contact between them through sight or sound was forbidden... and prevented unless it was expressly decided to create limited conditions where they could see or come into contact with one another because it would serve (the CIA's) intelligence-gathering objectives to allow it. ...

The air in many cells emanated from a ventilation hole in the ceiling, which was often controlled to produce extremes of temperature: sometimes so hot that one would gasp for breath, sometimes freezing cold.

Many detainees described air conditioning for deliberate discomfort.

Detainees were exposed at times to over-heating in the cell; at other times drafts of freezing breeze.

Detainees never experienced natural light or natural darkness, although most were blindfolded many times so they could see nothing....

There was a shackling ring in the wall of the cell, about half a metre up off the floor. Detainees' hands and feet were clamped in handcuffs and leg irons. Bodies were regularly forced into contorted shapes and chained to this ring for long, painful periods.
 

The above is nothing more than application of the enhanced interrogation techniques approved by Herr Busch.

1. The Attention Grab: The interrogator forcefully grabs the shirt front of the prisoner and shakes him.

2. Attention Slap: An open-handed slap aimed at causing pain and triggering fear.

3. The Belly Slap: A hard open-handed slap to the stomach. The aim is to cause pain, but not internal injury. Doctors consulted advised against using a punch, which could cause lasting internal damage.

4. Long Time Standing: This technique is described as among the most effective. Prisoners are forced to stand, handcuffed and with their feet shackled to an eye bolt in the floor for more than 40 hours. Exhaustion and sleep deprivation are effective in yielding confessions.

5. The Cold Cell: The prisoner is left to stand naked in a cell kept near 50 degrees. Throughout the time in the cell the prisoner is doused with cold water.

6. Water Boarding: The prisoner is bound to an inclined board, feet raised and head slightly below the feet. Cellophane is wrapped over the prisoner's face and water is poured over him. Unavoidably, the gag reflex kicks in and a terrifying fear of drowning leads to almost instant pleas to bring the treatment to a halt.
 

Well, I think Scalia might find that the MCA reaches the conduct in this case - remember, he's not a fan of legislative history. So I think he switches. But I think Breyer and Kennedy, on a clear reading of the Hamdi plurality, both vote to affirm the Fourth Amendment (I think Orin is just way off on this point).

I disagree with Marty's point that this is about interrogation. Certainly, from a practical standpoint, this EFFECTS interrogation, but the motives behind the government's decision are something that I don't think a court can reach, either theoretically or practically. So yes, abusive interrogation caused the judicial conflict, but I don't think it resolved the answer. As Orin Kerr's (otherwise misguided point) on VC illustrates, I don't think you can get different answers if they had to release him for lack of evidence (and from the facts, since he appears not to be actually guilty, I assume that WILL be his ultimate fate - though he'll be "released" to Albania, instead.
 

the question here is whether Al-Marri has been appropriately detained by Herr Busch.

he was here in the country legally.

he is a citizen of Qatar that is a US ally.

he was accused by civilian authorities of violating, state criminal laws.

those charges were withdrawn/dismissed (?) so that he could be taken into custody by the military on the President's finding that he was an enemy combatant of some sort.

he was then held for four years without charge and presumably tortured.

the court held that he had a right to determine whether or not the President's initial decision to detain him was proper.

in the absence of a adequate due process on the legitimacy of his detention, he is entitled to a habeus review in Federal Court.

sounds about right to me.

the torture allegations only complicate the case for the gummint as they now must fight tooth and nail to keep him from being released and describing his treatment.

undoubtedly further embarrassing our country.
 

Feb 2, 2007 NPR Interview with Al-Marri's attorney. Good Stuff!

AMY GOODMAN: So start from the beginning. How was al-Marri picked up?

JONATHAN HAFETZ: Well, he was arrested at his home by FBI agents, charged with a crime, and then, as you pointed out, shortly before trial and actually literally on the eve of a hearing to suppress illegally seized evidence that was taken from his home without a warrant, the government essentially just pulled the plug on the criminal justice system and by the stroke of a pen transferred him to a military brig to legal limbo, where he had no rights, was held incommunicado and has been detained without charges now for going on four years.

AMY GOODMAN: And what exactly was the charge?

JONATHAN HAFETZ: Well, there was no charge. There were just allegations made, hearsay allegations, allegations we believe that were obtained from detainees through illegal methods, other detainees possibly through torture that the government did not present in court. There has been no hearing, no witnesses, nothing that would resemble what we understand as due process.

AMY GOODMAN: And what does “enemy combatant” mean, that he had been fighting on the battlefield?

JONATHAN HAFETZ: Well, the term “enemy combatant” means essentially whatever the government says it means. They've used different definitions in different cases.

AMY GOODMAN: Invented by this administration?

JONATHAN HAFETZ: Yeah. The concept of enemy combatant is not a concept that's identified under the laws of war. The government claims it's a customary use of the laws of war or, you know, law of armed conflict, but there is no such thing as enemy combatant as the administration’s used its term. The way they use it is they try to describe it as someone who's fighting on a battlefield. But Mr. al-Marri was never on a battlefield, never fought against US troops. He's not in any way what we understand to be a combatant under the laws of war. He is essentially an alleged criminal who should be tried in the criminal justice system and has a right to be tried, but they are inventing this term to try to kind of pull the rug from under those rights and essentially get out of the Bill of Rights.

AMY GOODMAN: So what does this mean for other non-citizens in the United States?

JONATHAN HAFETZ: Well, it’s, I think, very terrifying what it could mean. It means, one, if the government is correct about the Military Commissions Act, any immigrant could be snatched off the streets and secretly jailed, potentially forever, in a military brig, without ever having the right to get the court on a habeas corpus petition to ever have a right to receive judicial review of whether their detention is unlawful. And it means that individuals could be held potentially forever without charge. And it's important to know that the powers the government is asserting to hold Mr. al-Marri as an enemy combatant are the same powers they say they can hold a US citizen. They've made clear that if everything were the same and Mr. al-Marri were a US citizen, they could do exactly the same thing. So what can happen to him could happen to a US citizen. It happened to Jose Padilla, as we know. And, I mean, this is it. They are essentially crossing the rubicon. They are essentially saying, “We don't have to follow the criminal justice system and the Bill of Rights if we deem someone an enemy combatant.”

AMY GOODMAN: Have you met with al-Marri?

JONATHAN HAFETZ: Yes, a number of times.

AMY GOODMAN: What is his mental condition?

JONATHAN HAFETZ: Well, I think it's fluctuated over time. You know, at times it’s been very bad. I mean, there was a period of time when he was held in -- you know, the isolation and the deprivation of basic necessities, basic religious items that didn’t allow him to practice Islam. Things like, you know, that we take for granted, like soap and toilet paper, were not given to him. And there was a period of time where he felt like he was losing his mind. He's now in more stable condition. Things have improved, you know, largely because we filed a lawsuit against the government to compel them to treat him humanely. But he has, I think, been harmed very significantly, physically and mentally, by this ordeal, but, you know, he's trying to hold it together and to main faith that he’ll have, you know, the right to a fair hearing in court one day.

AMY GOODMAN: And what about his family, his wife and his kids?

JONATHAN HAFETZ: Well, it's difficult. His youngest child, for example, he last saw when the child was nine months old; now over five, has not seen them. He’s not allowed to talk to them on the phone. No visits. All he's allowed to communicate through is letters, but because of the government censorship, they take sometimes ten months to reach his family or his family’s letters to reach him. And they’re sometimes very redacted. They will black out, you know, three-quarters of a letter from a seven-year-old child. So it's really inconceivable that he's not allowed to have meaningful contact with his own family.

AMY GOODMAN: And under what circumstances do you see him? What is the physical space like? What condition is he in?

JONATHAN HAFETZ: Well, now where we see him it varies. I mean, we're able to sit across from him. He's now not restrained. He used to have a leg shackle, ankle shackle on. But we're able to meet with him now, and the staff at the brig have been very professional and accommodating in handling these requests. And, you know, the problem is not with the folks at the brig, the military people; the problem is with the administration and the three stars, as it were, who set this kind of policy, where you can hold someone as an enemy combatant and not give him any of the protections that we give prisoners during wartime.
 

Al-Marri’s case challenges the President’s assertion of unchecked executive detention power over all individuals in the United States. In the administration’s view, the President has the authority to arrest and detain individuals without charge, without due process, and without meaningful judicial review. Congress, however, has not authorized such unchecked executive detention authority and the Constitution squarely prohibits it.
- Brennan Center for Justice, NYU
 

Although al-Marri was arrested inside his home in the middle of the United States, the President claims the power to hold him indefinitely as an “enemy combatant” based upon second- and third-hand allegations that he is an “al Qaeda sleeper agent.” No evidence has been presented to20sustain these allegations, many of which appear to have been gained through torture. Further, the President now asserts that the recently enacted Military Commissions Act of 2006 strips the federal courts of their historic habeas corpus review over his challenge to his detention. If so, any of the millions of immigrants in the United States can be swept off the streets and locked in a military jail without access to the courts. Al-Marri’s case is now before the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. Arguments are scheduled for late January 2007. - id.
 

Ali Saleh Kahlah al-Marri is the only person detained as an “enemy combatant” in the United States. Al-Marri, a citizen of Qatar, has been imprisoned without trial and without due process since he was arrested in Peoria, Illinois, in December 2001. Al-Marri came to the United States with his wife and five children to obtain a masters degree at Bradley University in Peoria, Illinois. After he was arrested, he was charged with credit card fraud and other criminal offenses. Al-Marri asserted his innocence and prepared to contest the charges at trial. But, in June 2003, shortly before his trial was scheduled to commence, and on the eve of a hearing to suppress illegally seized evidence, the President signed a one-page order declaring al-Marri an “enemy combatant” and directing his transfer to a Navy Brig in South Carolina, where he was held incommunicado and interrogated for more than a year. At the Brig, al-Marri was also subjected to torture and other cruel, inhuman, and degrading treatment. He remains in solitary confinement at the Brig under severe restrictions, and has not seen or spoken with his family in nearly five years. - id. ;)

NOW, LET LOOSE THE TROLLS!!!!
 

WHO AMONG YOU WILL STAND FOR FASCISM?
 

In Hamdi v. Rusmfeld, the Supreme Court held that an individual captured during active combat in Afghanistan had the right to habeas corpus to determine whether his detention remained within “the permissible bounds”
of the law.

What are the legal limits of the “enemy combatant” category? The Bush Administration defines this category so broadly that it would include a person who, for example, innocently donated money to a charity that he did not realize was secretly financing terrorist activities. In Hamdi, the Court made clear that the proper scope of the “enemy combatant” definition is subject to independent judicial review.
The Supreme Court also ruled in Hamdi that habeas requires sufficient factual evidence to sustain a prisoner’s detention.

The Court explained that detainees must receive notice of the allegations against them and a
meaningful opportunity to rebut those allegations before a neutral decision maker. Habeas, the Court made clear, thus helps ensure that errant tourists, embedded journalists, local aid workers, and others captured amid
the chaos of a foreign war zone are not mistakenly swept up and wrongly detained.

Hamdi was an American citizen. But in another decision, Rasul v. Bush, the Supreme Court made clear that habeas extends to foreign nationals held as “enemy combatants.” Noting that “Executive imprisonment has been considered oppressive and lawless” since Magna Carta, the Court affirmed the right of Guantanamo detainees to challenge their indefinite imprisonment through habeas corpus. Emphasizing that the detainees insisted
that they were “wholly innocent of wrongdoing,” the Court made it clear that there was just as good a
chance that innocent foreigners, as well as American citizens, could be imprisoned by mistake.
- Jonathan Hafetz (excerpted from 10 Things You Should Know About Habeus Corpus.

the whole thing is very good.
 

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