Balkinization   |
Balkinization
Jack Balkin: jackbalkin at yahoo.com Bruce Ackerman bruce.ackerman at yale.edu Ian Ayres ian.ayres at yale.edu Corey Brettschneider corey_brettschneider at brown.edu Mary Dudziak mary.l.dudziak at emory.edu Joey Fishkin joey.fishkin at gmail.com Heather Gerken heather.gerken at yale.edu Abbe Gluck abbe.gluck at yale.edu Mark Graber mgraber at law.umaryland.edu Stephen Griffin sgriffin at tulane.edu Jonathan Hafetz jonathan.hafetz at shu.edu Jeremy Kessler jkessler at law.columbia.edu Andrew Koppelman akoppelman at law.northwestern.edu Marty Lederman msl46 at law.georgetown.edu Sanford Levinson slevinson at law.utexas.edu David Luban david.luban at gmail.com Gerard Magliocca gmaglioc at iupui.edu Jason Mazzone mazzonej at illinois.edu Linda McClain lmcclain at bu.edu John Mikhail mikhail at law.georgetown.edu Frank Pasquale pasquale.frank at gmail.com Nate Persily npersily at gmail.com Michael Stokes Paulsen michaelstokespaulsen at gmail.com Deborah Pearlstein dpearlst at yu.edu Rick Pildes rick.pildes at nyu.edu David Pozen dpozen at law.columbia.edu Richard Primus raprimus at umich.edu K. Sabeel Rahmansabeel.rahman at brooklaw.edu Alice Ristroph alice.ristroph at shu.edu Neil Siegel siegel at law.duke.edu David Super david.super at law.georgetown.edu Brian Tamanaha btamanaha at wulaw.wustl.edu Nelson Tebbe nelson.tebbe at brooklaw.edu Mark Tushnet mtushnet at law.harvard.edu Adam Winkler winkler at ucla.edu Compendium of posts on Hobby Lobby and related cases The Anti-Torture Memos: Balkinization Posts on Torture, Interrogation, Detention, War Powers, and OLC The Anti-Torture Memos (arranged by topic) Recent Posts An Embarrassment of Riches
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Saturday, March 04, 2006
An Embarrassment of Riches
David Luban
A great deal is disturbing about Judge David Trager’s decision in the Arar case two weeks ago. (Arar is the Canadian of Syrian birth who was snatched by U.S. officials while he was changing planes in New York on his way from Tunisia to Canada, and then shipped off to Syria for ten months of torture and imprisonment in a grave-size cell.) Dismissing Arar’s tort claims against U.S. officials, Judge Trager argued that permitting the law suit to proceed runs the risk that embarrassing information might emerge during the discovery process – for example, information that Canadian officials may have secretly cooperated with the United States in the Arar snatch, despite their denials. In a blistering op-ed, New York Times columnist Bob Herbert accurately paraphrased the argument as an attempt to preserve Canadian officials’ sacred right to lie to their constituents. Judge Trager argues that embarrassing officials in a U.S. courtroom might adversely affect foreign affairs and harm national security.
Comments:
Good grief, what a crock that opinion is.
Presumably the Second Circuit will have no difficulty in finding grounds to reverse.
Great post, Professor Luban.
There has been a public inquiry in Canada into the Arar rendition, and it is now common knowledge north of the border that the United States sent Arar to Syria to be tortured on the basis of information forwarded by CSIS (Canada's CIA). The judge, therefore, couldn't have been concerned with embarrassing Canada's government, which is out of office in any case. Not only was this a poor legal argument, it was a poor policy argument as well. It should also be pointed out that Mr. Arar denies that he is a terrorist, and no one has produced a shred of evidence suggesting that what happened to him was in any way connected to preventing a terrorist attack. If Mr. Arar was a member of Al Qaeda and possessed such vital information then Canada would not let him walk around free today. The Judge has chosen to paint this as a "ticking bomb" scenario a la certain academics (Dershowitz etc.,) in an attempt to justify the unjustifiable.
I agree with both previous commenters and it also seems to me that there was either some pretty poor lawyering on the plaintiff's side or the judge made himself a part of the defense team. I hope the plaintiff has good appellate counsel because I look forward to the Court of Appeals decision.
Jeremy Waldron has taught us that the prohibition on torture falls into a very powerful category of legal norms, what he calls an archetype - something which lawyers and courts are to hold in reverence and to which in no event are the Dickensian lawyer's tools of parsing and niggling to be applied. Britain's highest court cites Waldron approvingly and follows his analysis. But Judge Trager clearly has a different view of the matter. Latent in the folds of his opinion is the viewpoint that torture is a perfectly legitimate tool of statecraft and it will be frustrated if courts are allowed to apply judicial scrutiny. What is most amazing and disturbing about this opinion is its passage to the side of torture-enabling. At some point, judicial officers may also enmesh themselves in the conspiracy to torture and may make themselves culpable under criminal law. Indeed, judges have been prosecuted when they "prostitute the administration of justice to corrupt political ends" as one of America's greatest prosecutors said of war crimes which bear many similarities to the Extraordinary Renditions program. David Luban's analysis is trenchant and very important. The enormity of the offense against justice presented by the Trager opinion is slowly dawning on many. It brings dishonor on our entire legal system and it is now up to the Second Circuit to apply a judicial purgative.
Well, Diogenes, the similarity between returning a Syrian citizen to Syria and invading Poland and killing three million Polish Jews rather escapes me, but as long as you're having fun being self-righteous, I guess it's okay.
For myself, the return of Elian Gonzalez to Cuba seemed more similar to the conduct prosecuted at Nuremburg, but I'm confident that you can't see that similarity at all.
i would like to know how returning a child to his family, even if that family resides in cuba, even remotely equates to the nazi policies of world war two.
For further context (not that I think it makes Judge Trager sound more reasonable--a cursory read-through makes me thing that it doesn't)the discussion of the state secrets stuff starts at page 68 of the file and finishes at 76. The quoted material is at page 72.
Sean, Arar is a Canadian, not a Syrian; he was rendered to Syria for purposes of being interrogated using highly coercive techniques, and the CIA's list of questions was handed over with him. The program which was the point of reference was the Nacht- und Nebelerlass, which had nothing to do with the extermination of Jews in Poland or anywhere else. It authorized the apprehension of those suspected of creating a threat to German soldiers because of their association with partisan groups, such as the French resistance. Those taken were to be seized under cover of night and were to "disappear" without a trace in the local criminal justice system. The fate of those taken is largely unknown, but it probably dealt with about 7,000 people - which is certainly many more than covered by the Extraordinary Renditions program. Otherwise, however, the conception of the programs is extremely similar, and the arguments presented by the Nuremberg defendants for their legality are identical to those raised by the Bush Administration today.
mesothelioma Mesotheliomais a form of cancer that is almost always caused by exposure to Asbestos In this disease, malignant cells develop in the mesothelium, a protective lining that covers most of the body's internal organs. Its most common site is the pleura (outer lining of the lungs and internal chest wall), but it may also occur in the peritoneum (the lining of the abdominal cavity), the heart the pericardium (a sac that surrounds the heart or tunica vaginalis.
Most people who develop mesothelioma have worked on jobs where they inhaled asbestos particles, or they have been exposed to asbestos dust and fiber in other ways. Washing the clothes of a family member who worked with asbestos can also put a person at risk for developing Mesothelioma Unlike lung cancer, there is no association between mesothelioma and smoking but smoking greatly increases risk of other asbestos induced cancer.Compensation via Asbestos funds or lawsuits is an important issue in mesothelioma The symptoms of mesothelioma include shortness of breath due to pleural effusion (fluid between the lung and the chest wall or chest wall pain, and general symptoms such as weight loss. The diagnosis may be suspected with chest X-ray and CT scan and is confirmed with a biopsy (tissue sample) and microscopic examination. A thoracoscopy inserting a tube with a camera into the chest) can be used to take biopsies. It allows the introduction of substances such as talc to obliterate the pleural space (called pleurodesis, which prevents more fluid from accumulating and pressing on the lung. Despite treatment with chemotherapy, radiation therapy or sometimes surgery, the disease carries a poor prognosis. Research about screening tests for the early detection of mesothelioma is ongoing. Symptoms of mesothelioma may not appear until 20 to 50 years after exposure to asbestos. Shortness of breath, cough, and pain in the chest due to an accumulation of fluid in the pleural space are often symptoms of pleural mesotheliomaSymptoms of peritoneal mesothelioma include weight loss and cachexia, abdominal swelling and pain due to ascites (a buildup of fluid in the abdominal cavity). Other symptoms of peritoneal mesothelioma may include bowel obstruction, blood clotting abnormalities, anemia, and fever. If the cancer has spread beyond the mesothelium to other parts of the body, symptoms may include pain, trouble swallowing, or swelling of the neck or face. These symptoms may be caused by mesothelioma or by other, less serious conditions. Mesothelioma that affects the pleura can cause these signs and symptoms: chest wall pain pleural effusion, or fluid surrounding the lung shortness of breath fatigue or anemia wheezing, hoarseness, or cough blood in the sputum (fluid) coughed up hemoptysis In severe cases, the person may have many tumor masses. The individual may develop a pneumothorax, or collapse of the lung The disease may metastasize, or spread, to other parts of the body. Tumors that affect the abdominal cavity often do not cause symptoms until they are at a late stage. Symptoms include: abdominal pain ascites, or an abnormal buildup of fluid in the abdomen a mass in the abdomen problems with bowel function weight loss In severe cases of the disease, the following signs and symptoms may be present: blood clots in the veins, which may cause thrombophlebitis disseminated intravascular coagulation a disorder causing severe bleeding in many body organs jaundice, or yellowing of the eyes and skin low blood sugar level pleural effusion pulmonary emboli, or blood clots in the arteries of the lungs severe ascites A mesothelioma does not usually spread to the bone, brain, or adrenal glands. Pleural tumors are usually found only on one side of the lungs Diagnosing mesothelioma is often difficult, because the symptoms are similar to those of a number of other conditions. Diagnosis begins with a review of the patient's medical history. A history of exposure to asbestos may increase clinical suspicion for mesothelioma A physical examination is performed, followed by chest X-ray and often lung function tests. The X-ray may reveal pleural thickening commonly seen after asbestos exposure and increases suspicion of mesothelioma A CT (or CAT) scan or an MRI is usually performed. If a large amount of fluid is present, abnormal cells may be detected by cytology if this fluid is aspirated with a syringe. For pleural fluid this is done by a pleural tap or chest drain, in ascites with an paracentesis or ascitic drain and in a pericardial effusion with pericardiocentesis. While absence of malignant cells on cytology does not completely exclude mesothelioma it makes it much more unlikely, especially if an alternative diagnosis can be made (e.g. tuberculosis, heart failure If cytology is positive or a plaque is regarded as suspicious, a biopsy is needed to confirm a diagnosis of mesothelioma A doctor removes a sample of tissue for examination under a microscope by a pathologist. A biopsy may be done in different ways, depending on where the abnormal area is located. If the cancer is in the chest, the doctor may perform a thoracoscopy. In this procedure, the doctor makes a small cut through the chest wall and puts a thin, lighted tube called a thoracoscope into the chest between two ribs. Thoracoscopy allows the doctor to look inside the chest and obtain tissue samples. If the cancer is in the abdomen, the doctor may perform a laparoscopy. To obtain tissue for examination, the doctor makes a small incision in the abdomen and inserts a special instrument into the abdominal cavity. If these procedures do not yield enough tissue, more extensive diagnostic surgery may be necessary. There is no universally agreed protocol for screening people who have been exposed to asbestosScreening tests might diagnose mesothelioma earlier than conventional methods thus improving the survival prospects for patients. The serum osteopontin level might be useful in screening asbestos-exposed people for mesotheliomaThe level of soluble mesothelin-related protein is elevated in the serum of about 75% of patients at diagnosis and it has been suggested that it may be useful for screening. Doctors have begun testing the Mesomark assay which measures levels of soluble mesothelin-related proteins (SMRPs) released by diseased mesothelioma cells Incidence Although reported incidence rates have increased in the past 20 years, mesothelioma is still a relatively rare cancer. The incidence rate is approximately one per 1,000,000. The highest incidence is found in Britain, Australia and Belgium: 30 per 1,000,000 per year. For comparison, populations with high levels of smoking can have a lung cancer incidence of over 1,000 per 1,000,000. Incidence of malignant mesothelioma currently ranges from about 7 to 40 per 1,000,000 in industrialized Western nations, depending on the amount of asbestos exposure of the populations during the past several decades. It has been estimated that incidence may have peaked at 15 per 1,000,000 in the United States in 2004. Incidence is expected to continue increasing in other parts of the world. Mesothelioma occurs more often in men than in women and risk increases with age, but this disease can appear in either men or women at any age. Approximately one fifth to one third of all mesotheliomas are peritoneal. Between 1940 and 1979, approximately 27.5 million people were occupationally exposed to asbestos in the United States.[ Between 1973 and 1984, there has been a threefold increase in the diagnosis of pleural mesothelioma in Caucasian males. From 1980 to the late 1990s, the death rate from mesothelioma in the USA increased from 2,000 per year to 3,000, with men four times more likely to acquire it than women. These rates may not be accurate, since it is possible that many cases of mesothelioma are misdiagnosed as adenocarcinoma of the lung, which is difficult to differentiate from mesothelioma. Working with asbestos is the major risk factor for mesothelioma. A history of asbestos exposure exists in almost all cases. However, mesothelioma has been reported in some individuals without any known exposure to asbestos. In rare cases, mesothelioma has also been associated with irradiation, intrapleural thorium dioxide (Thorotrast), and inhalation of other fibrous silicates, such as erionite. asbestos is the name of a group of minerals that occur naturally as masses of strong, flexible fibers that can be separated into thin threads and woven. asbestos has been widely used in many industrial products, including cement, brake linings, roof shingles, flooring products, textiles, and insulation. If tiny asbestos particles float in the air, especially during the manufacturing process, they may be inhaled or swallowed, and can cause serious health problems. In addition to mesothelioma, exposure to asbestos increases the risk of lung cancer, asbestosis (a noncancerous, chronic lung ailment), and other cancers, such as those of the larynx and kidney. The combination of smoking and asbestos exposure significantly increases a person's risk of developing cancer of the airways (lung cancer bronchial carcinoma). The Kent brand of cigarettes used mesothelioma in its filters for the first few years of production in the 1950s and some cases of mesothelioma have resulted. Smoking modern cigarettes does not appear to increase the risk of mesothelioma. Some studies suggest that simian virus 40 may act as a cofactor in the development of mesothelioma. Asbestos was known in antiquity, but it wasn't mined and widely used commercially until the late 1800s. Its use greatly increased during World War II Since the early 1940s, millions of American workers have been exposed to asbestos dust. Initially, the risks associated with asbestos exposure were not publicly known. However, an increased risk of developing mesothelioma was later found among shipyard workers, people who work in asbestos mines and mills, producers of asbestos products, workers in the heating and construction industries, and other tradespeople. Today, the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) sets limits for acceptable levels of asbestos exposure in the workplace, and created guidelines for engineering controls and respirators, protective clothing, exposure monitoring, hygiene facilities and practices, warning signs, labeling, recordkeeping, and medical exams. By contrast, the British Government's Health and Safety Executive (HSE) states formally that any threshold for mesothelioma must be at a very low level and it is widely agreed that if any such threshold does exist at all, then it cannot currently be quantified. For practical purposes, therefore, HSE does not assume that any such threshold exists. People who work with asbestos wear personal protective equipment to lower their risk of exposure. Recent findings have shown that a mineral called erionite has been known to cause genetically pre-dispositioned individuals to have malignant mesothelioma rates much higher than those not pre-dispositioned genetically. A study in Cappadocia, Turkey has shown that 3 villiages in Turkey have death rates of 51% attributed to erionite related mesotheliomaExposure to asbestos fibres has been recognised as an occupational health hazard since the early 1900s. Several epidemiological studies have associated exposure to asbestos with the development of lesions such as asbestos bodies in the sputum, pleural plaques, diffuse pleural thickening, asbestosis, carcinoma of the lung and larynx, gastrointestinal tumours, and diffuse mesothelioma of the pleura and peritoneum. The documented presence of asbestos fibres in water supplies and food products has fostered concerns about the possible impact of long-term and, as yet, unknown exposure of the general population to these fibres. Although many authorities consider brief or transient exposure to asbestos fibres as inconsequential and an unlikely risk factor, some epidemiologists claim that there is no risk threshold. Cases of mesothelioma have been found in people whose only exposure was breathing the air through ventilation systems. Other cases had very minimal (3 months or less) direct exposure. Commercial asbestos mining at Wittenoom, Western Australia, occurred between 1945 and 1966. A cohort study of miners employed at the mine reported that while no deaths occurred within the first 10 years after crocidolite exposure, 85 deaths attributable to mesothelioma had occurred by 1985. By 1994, 539 reported deaths due to mesothelioma had been reported in Western Australia. Family members and others living with asbestos workers have an increased risk of developing mesothelioma and possibly other asbestos related diseases. This risk may be the result of exposure to asbestos dust brought home on the clothing and hair of asbestos workers. To reduce the chance of exposing family members to asbestosMany building materials used in both public and domestic premises prior to the banning of asbestos may contain asbestos Those performing renovation works or activities may expose themselves to asbestos dust. In the UK use of Chrysotile asbestos was banned at the end of 1999. Brown and blue asbestos was banned in the UK around 1985. Buildings built or renovated prior to these dates may contain asbestos materials. For patients with localized disease, and who can tolerate a radical surgery, radiation is often given post-operatively as a consolidative treatment. The entire hemi-thorax is treated with radiation therapy, often given simultaneously with chemotherapy. Delivering radiation and chemotherapy after a radical surgery has led to extended life expectancy in selected patient populations with some patients surviving more than 5 years. As part of a curative approach to mesothelioma radiotherapy is also commonly applied to the sites of chest drain insertion, in order to prevent growth of the tumor along the track in the chest wall. Although mesothelioma is generally resistant to curative treatment with radiotherapy alone, palliative treatment regimens are sometimes used to relieve symptoms arising from tumor growth, such as obstruction of a major blood vessel. Radiation Therapy when given alone with curative intent has never been shown to improve survival from mesothelioma The necessary radiation dose to treat mesothelioma that has not been surgically removed would be very toxic. Chemotherapy is the only treatment for mesothelioma that has been proven to improve survival in randomised and controlled trials. The landmark study published in 2003 by Vogelzang and colleagues compared cisplatin chemotherapy alone with a combination of cisplatin and pemetrexed (brand name Alimta) chemotherapy) in patients who had not received chemotherapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma previously and were not candidates for more aggressive "curative" surgery. This trial was the first to report a survival advantage from chemotherapy in malignant pleural mesothelioma showing a statistically significant improvement in median survival from 10 months in the patients treated with cisplatin alone to 13.3 months in the combination pemetrexed group in patients who received supplementation with folate and vitamin B12. Vitamin supplementation was given to most patients in the trial and pemetrexed related side effects were significantly less in patients receiving pemetrexed when they also received daily oral folate 500mcg and intramuscular vitamin B12 1000mcg every 9 weeks compared with patients receiving pemetrexed without vitamin supplementation. The objective response rate increased from 20% in the cisplatin group to 46% in the combination pemetrexed group. Some side effects such as nausea and vomiting, stomatitis, and diarrhoea were more common in the combination pemetrexed group but only affected a minority of patients and overall the combination of pemetrexed and cisplatin was well tolerated when patients received vitamin supplementation; both quality of life and lung function tests improved in the combination pemetrexed group. In February 2004, the United States Food and Drug Administration approved pemetrexed for treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma. However, there are still unanswered questions about the optimal use of chemotherapy, including when to start treatment, and the optimal number of cycles to give. Cisplatin in combination with raltitrexed has shown an improvement in survival similar to that reported for pemetrexed in combination with cisplatin, but raltitrexed is no longer commercially available for this indication. For patients unable to tolerate pemetrexed, cisplatin in combination with gemcitabine or vinorelbine is an alternative, although a survival benefit has not been shown for these drugs. For patients in whom cisplatin cannot be used, carboplatin can be substituted but non-randomised data have shown lower response rates and high rates of haematological toxicity for carboplatin-based combinations, albeit with similar survival figures to patients receiving cisplatin. In January 2009, the United States FDA approved using conventional therapies such as surgery in combination with radiation and or chemotherapy on stage I or II Mesothelioma after research conducted by a nationwide study by Duke University concluded an almost 50 point increase in remission rates. Treatment regimens involving immunotherapy have yielded variable results. For example, intrapleural inoculation of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) in an attempt to boost the immune response, was found to be of no benefit to the patient (while it may benefit patients with bladder cancer. mesothelioma cells proved susceptible to in vitro lysis by LAK cells following activation by interleukin-2 (IL-2), but patients undergoing this particular therapy experienced major side effects. Indeed, this trial was suspended in view of the unacceptably high levels of IL-2 toxicity and the severity of side effects such as fever and cachexia. Nonetheless, other trials involving interferon alpha have proved more encouraging with 20% of patients experiencing a greater than 50% reduction in tumor mass combined with minimal side effects. A procedure known as heated intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy was developed by at the Washington Cancer Institute. The surgeon removes as much of the tumor as possible followed by the direct administration of a chemotherapy agent, heated to between 40 and 48°C, in the abdomen. The fluid is perfused for 60 to 120 minutes and then drained. This technique permits the administration of high concentrations of selected drugs into the abdominal and pelvic surfaces. Heating the chemotherapy treatment increases the penetration of the drugs into tissues. Also, heating itself damages the malignant cells more than the normal cells. What is the mesothelium? The mesothelium is a membrane that covers and protects most of the internal organs of the body. It is composed of two layers of cells: One layer immediately surrounds the organ; the other forms a sac around it. The mesothelium produces a lubricating fluid that is released between these layers, allowing moving organs (such as the beating heart and the expanding and contracting lungs to glide easily against adjacent structures. The mesothelium has different names, depending on its location in the body. The peritoneum is the mesothelial tissue that covers most of the organs in the abdominal cavity. The pleura is the membrane that surrounds the lungs and lines the wall of the chest cavity. The pericardium covers and protects the heart. The mesothelioma tissue surrounding the male internal reproductive organs is called the tunica vaginalis testis. The tunica serosa uteri covers the internal reproductive organs in women. What is mesothelioma? mesothelioma (cancer of the mesothelium) is a disease in which cells of the mesothelium become abnormal and divide without control or order. They can invade and damage nearby tissues and organs. cancer cells can also metastasize (spread) from their original site to other parts of the body. Most cases of mesothelioma begin in the pleura or peritoneum. How common is mesothelioma? Although reported incidence rates have increased in the past 20 years, mesothelioma is still a relatively rare cancer. About 2,000 new cases of mesothelioma are diagnosed in the United States each year. Mesothelioma occurs more often in men than in women and risk increases with age, but this disease can appear in either men or women at any age. What are the risk factors for mesothelioma? Working with asbestos is the major risk factor for mesothelioma. A history of asbestos exposure at work is reported in about 70 percent to 80 percent of all cases. However, mesothelioma has been reported in some individuals without any known exposure to Asbestos is the name of a group of minerals that occur naturally as masses of strong, flexible fibers that can be separated into thin threads and woven. asbestos has been widely used in many industrial products, including cement, brake linings, roof shingles, flooring products, textiles, and insulation. If tiny asbestos particles float in the air, especially during the manufacturing process, they may be inhaled or swallowed, and can cause serious health problems. In addition to mesothelioma, exposure to asbestos increases the risk of lung cancer, asbestosis (a noncancerous, chronic lung ailment), and other cancers, such as those of the larynx and kidney. Smoking does not appear to increase the risk of mesothelioma. However, the combination of smoking and asbestos exposure significantly increases a person's risk of developing cancer of the air passageways in the lung. Who is at increased risk for developing mesothelioma? asbestos has been mined and used commercially since the late 1800s. Its use greatly increased during World War II. Since the early 1940s, millions of American workers have been exposed to asbestos dust. Initially, the risks associated with asbestos exposure were not known. However, an increased risk of developing mesothelioma was later found among shipyard workers, people who work in asbestos. Today, the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) sets limits for acceptable levels of asbestos exposure in the workplace. People who work with asbestos wear personal protective equipment to lower their risk of exposure. The risk o f asbestosrelated disease increases with heavier exposure to asbestos and longer exposure time. However, some individuals with only brief exposures have developed mesothelioma On the other hand, not all workers who are heavily exposed develop asbestos-related diseases. There is some evidence that family members and others living with asbestos workers have an increased risk of developing mesothelioma, and possibly other asbestos-related diseases. This risk may be the result of exposure to asbestos dust brought home on the clothing and hair of asbestos workers. To reduce the chance of exposing family members to asbestos fibers, asbestos workers are usually required to shower and change their clothing before leaving the workplace. What are the symptoms of mesothelioma? Symptoms of mesothelioma may not appear until 30 to 50 years after exposure to asbestos Shortness of breath and pain in the chest due to an accumulation of fluid in the pleura are often symptoms of pleural mesothelioma. Symptoms of peritoneal mesothelioma include weight loss and abdominal pain and swelling due to a buildup of fluid in the abdomen. Other symptoms of peritoneal mesothelioma may include bowel obstruction blood clotting abnormalities, anemia, and fever. If the cancer has spread beyond the mesothelium to other parts of the body, symptoms may include pain, trouble swallowing, or swelling of the neck or face. These symptoms may be caused by mesothelioma or by other, less serious conditions. It is important to see a doctor about any of these symptoms. Only a doctor can make a diagnosis How is mesotheliomadiagnosed? Diagnosing mesothelioma is often difficult, because the symptoms are similar to those of a number of other conditions. Diagnosis begins with a review of the patient's medical history, including any history of asbestos exposure. A complete physical examination may be performed, including x-rays of the chest or abdomen and lung function tests. A CT (or CAT) scan or an MRI may also be useful. A CT scan is a series of detailed pictures of areas inside the body created by a computer linked to an x-ray machine. In an MRI, a powerful magnet linked to a computer is used to make detailed pictures of areas inside the body. These pictures are viewed on a monitor and can also be printed. A biopsy is needed to confirm a diagnosis of mesothelioma. In a biopsy, a surgeon or a medical oncologist (a doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating cancer) removes a sample of tissue for examination under a microscope by a pathologist. A biopsy may be done in different ways, depending on where the abnormal area is located. If the cancer is in the chest, the doctor may perform a thoracoscopy. In this procedure, the doctor makes a small cut through the chest wall and puts a thin, lighted tube called a thoracoscope into the chest between two ribs. Thoracoscopy allows the doctor to look inside the chest and obtain tissue samples. If the cancer is in the abdomen, the doctor may perform a peritoneoscopy. To obtain tissue for examination, the doctor makes a small opening in the abdomen and inserts a special instrument called a peritoneoscope into the abdominal cavity. If these procedures do not yield enough tissue, more extensive diagnostic surgery may be necessary. If the diagnosis is mesothelioma, the doctor will want to learn the stage (or extent) of the disease. Staging involves more tests in a careful attempt to find out whether the cancer has spread and, if so, to which parts of the body. Knowing the stage of the disease helps the doctor plan treatment. Mesothelioma is described as localized if the cancer is found only on the membrane surface where it originated. It is classified as advanced if it has spread beyond the original membrane surface to other parts of the body, such as the lymph nodes, lungs, chest wall, or abdominal organs. How is mesotheliomatreated? Treatment for mesothelioma depends on the location of the cancerthe stage of the disease, and the patient's age and general health. Standard treatment options include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Sometimes, these treatments are combined. Surgery is a common treatment for mesotheliomaThe doctor may remove part of the lining of the chest or abdomen and some of the tissue around it. For cancer of the pleura (pleural mesotheliomaa lung may be removed in an operation called a pneumonectomy. Sometimes part of the diaphragm, the muscle below the lungs that helps with breathing, is also removed. Stereo Tactic Radiation Therapy also called radiotherapy, involves the use of high-energy rays to kill cancercells and shrink tumors Radiation therapy affects the cancercells only in the treated area. The radiation may come from a machine (external radiation) or from putting materials that produce radiation through thin plastic tubes into the area where the cancercells are found (internal radiation therapy). Chemotherapy is the use of anticancer drugs to kill cancer cells throughout the body. Most drugs used to treat mesotheliomaare given by injection into a vein (intravenous, or IV). Doctors are also studying the effectiveness of putting chemotherapy directly into the chest or abdomen (intracavitary chemotherapy). To relieve symptoms and control pain, the doctor may use a needle or a thin tube to drain fluid that has built up in the chest or abdomen. The procedure for removing fluid from the chest is called thoracentesis. Removal of fluid from the abdomen is called paracentesis. Drugs may be given through a tube in the chest to prevent more fluid from accumulating. Radiation Therapy and surgery may also be helpful in relieving symptoms.
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Obat kutil di sekitar kelamin Obat farmasi untuk kutil kelamin Obat generik untuk kutil kelamin Obat kutil kelamin imiquimod Jual obat kutil kelamin Jual obat kutil kelamin murah Obat kutil kelamin yg di jual di apotik Jual obat penghilang kutil kelamin Obat kimia kutil kelamin Obat kutil kelamin/jengger ayam Obat kutil kelamin paling murah Obat kutil kelamin dari dalam Obat antibiotik kutil kelamin Obat kutil kelamin yang dijual di apotik Beli obat kutil kelamin di apotik Nama obat kutil kelamin di apotek Obat kutil kelamin yang tersedia di apotik Obat kutil kelamin tradisional Obat kutil kelamin Obat kutil kelamin wanita Obat kutil kelamin di apotik Obat kutil kelamin mujarab http://oplosanobatkutilkelamin.blogspot.com/ http://www.smaboy.com/u/obatkutil http://tinyblogs.net/u/obatkutil/ http://tinyblogs.net/u/obatkutil/
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http://obatkutil.over-blog.com/ http://obatkutilkelamin-tradisional.jimdo.com/ http://www.lautanindonesia.com/blog/obatkutilkelamindanjenggerayam/ http://obatkutilmanjur.weebly.com/ http://obatkutilampuh.livejournal.com/ http://obatkutilkelamintradisional123.blogdetik.com/ http://obatkutil12345.edublogs.org/ http://pengobatankutil.blog.planetbiru.com/ http://obatkutil.freeblog.biz/ http://batkutil.blog.com/ Pengobatan kencing nanah atau gonore manjur Obat kencing nanah pada pria Obat kencing nanah pada pria di apotik Obat kencing nanah di apotik Obat kencing nanah di apotek Obat kencing nanah herbal Obat kencing nanah yang ada di apotik Obat kencing nanah di apotik kimia farma Obat kencing nanah yang di jual di apotik Obat kencing nanah dari dokter Obat kencing nanah ampuh Obat kencing nanah kaskus Obat kencing nanah surabaya Obat kencing nanah jogja Obat kencing nanah yang tersedia di apotik Obat kencing nanah apotek Obat kencing nanah yang ada di apotek Cara mengobati sipilis atau gonore (GO) Cara pengobatan kencing nanah dan sipilis
Cara ampuh mengobati kutil kelamin tanpa operasi
obat kutil kelamin untuk ibu hamil obat kutil kelamin tanpa operasi obat kutil kelamin kaskus obat kutil kelamin dokter obat kutil kelamin mujarab obat kutil kelamin di jakarta obat kutil kelamin untuk wanita obat kutil kelamin/jengger ayam obat kutil kelamin surabaya obat kutil kelamin yang ada di apotik obat kutil kelamin bandung Kapur sirih untuk obat kutil kelamin Obat kutil kelamin medis Obat menghilangkan kutil kelamin Obat menyembuhkan kutil kelamin Obat tradisional menyembuhkan kutil kelamin Obat minum untuk kutil kelamin Obat medis untuk kutil kelamin Merek obat kutil kelamin Obat kutil kelamin de nature Nama obat kutil kelamin Obat tradisional buat sipilis Obat herbal buat sipilis Obat dokter buat sipilis Obat generik buat sipilis Obat sipilis dengan bayam duri Obat sipilis yang bagus Obat china sipilis Cara obat sipilis di apotik
Cara obat sipilis pada pria
Cari obat sipilis Contoh obat sipilis http://agusus1.blogspot.com/ http://agusyafii.blogspot.com/ http://amateursexxxx.blogspot.co.id/ Obat jengger ayam obat jengger ayam pada wanita obat jengger ayam pada anus obat jengger ayam di anus obat jengger ayam hitam obat sakit jengger ayam obat penyakit jengger ayam pada pria obat penghilang jengger ayam harga obat jengger ayam obat apotik jengger ayam obat dokter jengger ayam obat herbal untuk jengger ayam obat penyakit kulit jengger ayam Cara mengobati jengger ayam ampuh Cara paling ampuh mengobati gonore atau kencing nanah nama obat gonore di apotek obat oral gonore obat gonore propolis obat gonore pdf obat penyakit gonore obat paten gonore obat penderita gonore resep obat penyakit gonore obat cina penyakit gonore obat dari penyakit gonore
Cara ampuh mengobati kutil kelamin tanpa operasi
obat kutil kelamin untuk ibu hamil obat kutil kelamin tanpa operasi obat kutil kelamin kaskus obat kutil kelamin dokter obat kutil kelamin mujarab obat kutil kelamin di jakarta obat kutil kelamin untuk wanita obat kutil kelamin/jengger ayam obat kutil kelamin surabaya obat kutil kelamin yang ada di apotik obat kutil kelamin bandung Kapur sirih untuk obat kutil kelamin Obat kutil kelamin medis Obat menghilangkan kutil kelamin Obat menyembuhkan kutil kelamin Obat tradisional menyembuhkan kutil kelamin Obat minum untuk kutil kelamin Obat medis untuk kutil kelamin Merek obat kutil kelamin Obat kutil kelamin de nature Nama obat kutil kelamin Obat tradisional buat sipilis Obat herbal buat sipilis Obat dokter buat sipilis Obat generik buat sipilis Obat sipilis dengan bayam duri Obat sipilis yang bagus Obat china sipilis Cara obat sipilis di apotik
Cara obat sipilis pada pria
Cari obat sipilis Contoh obat sipilis http://agusus1.blogspot.com/ http://agusyafii.blogspot.com/ http://amateursexxxx.blogspot.co.id/ Obat jengger ayam obat jengger ayam pada wanita obat jengger ayam pada anus obat jengger ayam di anus obat jengger ayam hitam obat sakit jengger ayam obat penyakit jengger ayam pada pria obat penghilang jengger ayam harga obat jengger ayam obat apotik jengger ayam obat dokter jengger ayam obat herbal untuk jengger ayam obat penyakit kulit jengger ayam Cara mengobati jengger ayam ampuh Cara paling ampuh mengobati gonore atau kencing nanah nama obat gonore di apotek obat oral gonore obat gonore propolis obat gonore pdf obat penyakit gonore obat paten gonore obat penderita gonore resep obat penyakit gonore obat cina penyakit gonore obat dari penyakit gonore
Obat dokter untuk kutil kelamin
Obat kutil di sekitar kelamin Obat farmasi untuk kutil kelamin Obat generik untuk kutil kelamin Obat kutil kelamin imiquimod Jual obat kutil kelamin Jual obat kutil kelamin murah Obat kutil kelamin yg di jual di apotik Jual obat penghilang kutil kelamin Obat kimia kutil kelamin Kapur sirih untuk obat kutil kelamin Obat kutil kelamin medis Obat menghilangkan kutil kelamin Obat kutil kelamin tradisional Obat kutil kelamin Obat kutil kelamin wanita Obat kutil kelamin di apotik Obat kutil kelamin untuk ibu hamil Obat kutil kelamin untuk wanita Obat kutil kelamin mujarab Obat kutil kelamin di anus Obat kutil kelamin/jengger ayam Obat kutil kelamin paling murah obat gonore pada ibu hamil obat gonore tradisional obat gonore tenggorokan obat gonore paling efektif obat gonore pada wanita obat gonore atau kencing nanah
obat gonore apa
obat alternatif gonore obat gonore yang ampuh obat gonore yg ampuh obat gonore yang paling ampuh obat gonore yang dijual di apotik obat buat gonore obat bakteri gonore obat paten penyakit gonore obat herbal untuk penyakit gonore obat antibiotik untuk penyakit gonore obat tradisional untuk penyakit gonore resep obat gonore ramuan obat gonore obat sakit gonore obat suntik gonore obat untuk sakit gonore supertetra obat gonore obat alami sembuhkan gonore obat gonore tradisional obat gonore terbaik obat gonore terbaru obat gonore tangerang Obat herpes tradisional yang ampuh Obat herpes zoster Obat herpes kulit Obat herpes simplex Obat herpes genital Obat herpes di apotik Obat herpes kulit di apotik
Obat herpes genital di apotik
Obat herpes untuk bayi Obat herpes untuk ibu hamil Obat herpes ampuh Obat herpes untuk anak Obat herpes mulut Pengobatan herbal kutil kelamin wanita pengobatan ampuh kutil kelamin pada wanita obat kutil kelamin yang ada di apotik obat kutil kelamin yg dijual di apotik obat kutil di kemaluan wanita pengobatan kutil kelamin pada pria pengobatan penyakit kutil kelamin pada pria obat penyakit kutil pada kelamin pria Pengobatan kutil kelamin aman dan tanpa operasi obat kutil pada alat kelamin pria pengobatan kutil kelamin pengobatan kutil kelamin pada pria dan wanita pengobatan kutil kelamin pria pengobatan kutil kelamin wanita pengobatan kutil kelamin dengan cuka apel pengobatan kutil kelamin di anus Cara mengobati kutil di kelamin wanita hamil pengobatan kutil kelamin di bandung Cara mengobati jengger ayam dan kutil kelamin obat kutil kelamin Obat wasir herbal tanpa operasi Obat wasir herbal stadium 4 tanpa operasi Cara mengobati wasir dan ambeien
Obat ambeien ampuh sembuh dalam 5 hari
Pengobatan ambeien keluar benjolan tanpa operasi Pengobatan wasir stadium 4 tanpa operasi Obat wasir untuk ibu setelah melahirkan Obat wasir tradisional yang ampuh Cara ampuh atasi wasir pada wanita Obat yang bagus untuk wasir Obat wasir aman buat ibu hamil Obat wasir aman ibu menyusui Obat wasir untuk ibu habis melahirkan Obat de nature khusus untuk wasir stdium 4 Cara mengobati wasir tana perlu operasi Pengobatan wasir dan ambeien mujarab Pengobatan wasir tanpa operasi Obat wasir dan ambeien stadium 4 Obat penyakit wasir herbal De Nature Obat untuk wasir pada ibu hamil Cara mengobati wasir yang parah tanpa operasi Obat ambeien tradisional Obat wasir herbal De Nature Obat wasir ambeclear Obat wasir alami Obat wasir ambeven Obat wasir berdarah Obat wasir ampuh Obat wasir untuk ibu hamil Obat wasir ardium Obat wasir ampuh di apotik Obat wasir luar Obat wasir paling ampuh
Obat dokter untuk kutil kelamin
Obat kutil di sekitar kelamin Obat farmasi untuk kutil kelamin Obat generik untuk kutil kelamin Obat kutil kelamin imiquimod Jual obat kutil kelamin Jual obat kutil kelamin murah Obat kutil kelamin yg di jual di apotik Jual obat penghilang kutil kelamin Obat kimia kutil kelamin Kapur sirih untuk obat kutil kelamin Obat kutil kelamin medis Obat menghilangkan kutil kelamin Obat kutil kelamin tradisional Obat kutil kelamin Obat kutil kelamin wanita Obat kutil kelamin di apotik Obat kutil kelamin untuk ibu hamil Obat kutil kelamin untuk wanita Obat kutil kelamin mujarab Obat kutil kelamin di anus Obat kutil kelamin/jengger ayam Obat kutil kelamin paling murah obat gonore pada ibu hamil obat gonore tradisional obat gonore tenggorokan obat gonore paling efektif obat gonore pada wanita obat gonore atau kencing nanah
obat gonore apa
obat alternatif gonore obat gonore yang ampuh obat gonore yg ampuh obat gonore yang paling ampuh obat gonore yang dijual di apotik obat buat gonore obat bakteri gonore obat paten penyakit gonore obat herbal untuk penyakit gonore obat antibiotik untuk penyakit gonore obat tradisional untuk penyakit gonore resep obat gonore ramuan obat gonore obat sakit gonore obat suntik gonore obat untuk sakit gonore supertetra obat gonore obat alami sembuhkan gonore obat gonore tradisional obat gonore terbaik obat gonore terbaru obat gonore tangerang Obat herpes tradisional yang ampuh Obat herpes zoster Obat herpes kulit Obat herpes simplex Obat herpes genital Obat herpes di apotik Obat herpes kulit di apotik
Obat herpes genital di apotik
Obat herpes untuk bayi Obat herpes untuk ibu hamil Obat herpes ampuh Obat herpes untuk anak Obat herpes mulut Pengobatan herbal kutil kelamin wanita pengobatan ampuh kutil kelamin pada wanita obat kutil kelamin yang ada di apotik obat kutil kelamin yg dijual di apotik obat kutil di kemaluan wanita pengobatan kutil kelamin pada pria pengobatan penyakit kutil kelamin pada pria obat penyakit kutil pada kelamin pria Pengobatan kutil kelamin aman dan tanpa operasi obat kutil pada alat kelamin pria pengobatan kutil kelamin pengobatan kutil kelamin pada pria dan wanita pengobatan kutil kelamin pria pengobatan kutil kelamin wanita pengobatan kutil kelamin dengan cuka apel pengobatan kutil kelamin di anus Cara mengobati kutil di kelamin wanita hamil pengobatan kutil kelamin di bandung Cara mengobati jengger ayam dan kutil kelamin obat kutil kelamin Obat wasir herbal tanpa operasi Obat wasir herbal stadium 4 tanpa operasi Cara mengobati wasir dan ambeien
Obat ambeien ampuh sembuh dalam 5 hari
Pengobatan ambeien keluar benjolan tanpa operasi Pengobatan wasir stadium 4 tanpa operasi Obat wasir untuk ibu setelah melahirkan Obat wasir tradisional yang ampuh Cara ampuh atasi wasir pada wanita Obat yang bagus untuk wasir Obat wasir aman buat ibu hamil Obat wasir aman ibu menyusui Obat wasir untuk ibu habis melahirkan Obat de nature khusus untuk wasir stdium 4 Cara mengobati wasir tana perlu operasi Pengobatan wasir dan ambeien mujarab Pengobatan wasir tanpa operasi Obat wasir dan ambeien stadium 4 Obat penyakit wasir herbal De Nature Obat untuk wasir pada ibu hamil Cara mengobati wasir yang parah tanpa operasi Obat ambeien tradisional Obat wasir herbal De Nature Obat wasir ambeclear Obat wasir alami Obat wasir ambeven Obat wasir berdarah Obat wasir ampuh Obat wasir untuk ibu hamil Obat wasir ardium Obat wasir ampuh di apotik Obat wasir luar Obat wasir paling ampuh
Pengobatan untuk bintik kutil di kelamin
merek obat kutil kelamin obat kutil kelamin de nature nama obat kutil kelamin nama salep obat kutil kelamin obat oles untuk kutil kelamin obat kutil di alat kelamin pria obat untuk kutil pada kelamin obat tradisional kutil pada kelamin obat penyakit kutil kelamin obat penghilang kutil kelamin Obat wasir dragonrear hemorrhoids pill Obat wasir diapotek Obat wasir dengan propolis Obat wasir eksternal Obat wasir efektif Obat wasir paling efektif Obat wasir yang efektif Obat wasir stadium empat Obat embeyen/wasir Obat untuk wasir eksternal Obat alami wasir eksternal Obat tradisional wasir eksternal Efek obat wasir ampuh Cara pengobatan tradisional kutil kelamin Cara mengobati jengger ayam dan kutil kelamin Obat untuk kutil kelamin pada wanita
Pengobatan kutil pada kelamin pria
Ciri ciri kutil kelamin dan obatnya Obat herbal ampuh atasi kutil kelamin pengobatan kutil kelamin de nature Bahaya kutil kelamin pada ibu hamil Mengobati Kutil Kelamin atau Jengger Ayam Dalam 5-10 Hari Tanpa Operasi Pengobatan kutil kelamin untuk pria dan wanita pengobatan kutil kelamin dengan bawang putih obat gonore murah obat gonore herbal obat gonore pada ibu hamil obat gonore tradisional obat gonore tenggorokan obat gonore paling efektif obat gonore pada wanita obat gonore atau kencing nanah obat gonore apa Cara mengobati herpes dengan cepat Obat herpes herbal untuk ibu hamil obat herpes tablet obat herpes tomcat obat herpes tumbuhan obat tradisional herpes kelamin
obat terkena herpes
obat topikal herpes obat tradisional herpes pada anak obat tradisional herpes obat tradisional herpes zooster obat herpes untuk balita obat herpes untuk anak obat herpes untuk anak 1 tahun obat herpes untuk anak 2 tahun obat untuk herpes obat untuk herpes zoster Obat yang efektif untuk gonore obat gonore thiamycin obat terapi gonore cara obat tradisional gonore obat tablet gonore tanaman obat gonore tumbuhan obat gonore thiamphenicol obat gonore obat gonore dari tumbuhan obat untuk gonore obat untuk gonore yang dijual bebas mengobati kutil kelamin dengan bawang putih obat kutil kelamin di bandung biaya pengobatan kutil kelamin berapa lama pengobatan kutil kelamin
biaya pengobatan kutil pada kelamin
mengobati kutil kelamin dengan cuka apel Harga obat kutil kelamin de nature cara pengobatan kutil kelamin cara pengobatan tradisional kutil kelamin cara pengobatan kutil di kelamin mengobati kutil kelamin dengan cuka pengobatan kutil di kelamin mengobati kutil kelamin dengan daun sirsak mengobati kutil kelamin dengan kapur sirih Pengobatan setelah operasi kutil kelamin obat kutil kelamin dari dalam mengobati kutil di kelamin
Nama salep obat kutil kelamin
Obat kutil kelamin tanpa operasi Obat oles untuk kutil kelamin Obat kutil di alat kelamin pria Obat untuk kutil pada kelamin Obat tradisional kutil pada kelamin Obat penyakit kutil kelamin Obat penghilang kutil kelamin Obat perontok kutil kelamin Obat tradisional kutil kelamin pada pria Obat apotek untuk kutil kelamin Apa obat untuk kutil kelamin Obat alami untuk mengobati kutil kelamin Obat kutil kelamin yang ada di apotik Dimana beli obat kutil kelamin Obat tradisional buat kutil kelamin Beli obat kutil kelamin Obat salep buat kutil kelamin Obat cina kutil kelamin Cuka obat kutil kelamin Obat cina untuk kutil kelamin Obat cina penghilang kutil kelamin Obat china untuk kutil kelamin Obat kutil di kelamin pria Obat tradisional kutil di kelamin Obat kutil di daerah kelamin Obat untuk menghilangkan kutil di kelamin
Obat dokter untuk kutil kelamin
cara mengobati kutil kelamin dengan propolis beli obat kutil kelamin di apotik nama obat kutil kelamin di apotek harga pengobatan kutil kelamin obat kutil kelamin imiquimod obat kutil kelamin jakarta obat kutil kelamin kaskus lama pengobatan kutil kelamin obat kutil kelamin mujarab obat kutil kelamin medis mengobati kutil kelamin secara medis obat kutil kelamin paling murah jual obat kutil kelamin murah kutil kelamin dan pengobatan nya obat kutil kelamin tanpa operasi pengobatan setelah operasi kutil kelamin pengobatan penyakit kutil kelamin wanita cara mengobati kutil kelamin pria mengobati kutil pada kelamin pria mengobati kutil kelamin dengan propolis pengobatan kutil pada kelamin obat kutil kelamin resep dokter obat kutil kelamin salep obat kutil kelamin surabaya cara mengobati kutil kelamin secara tradisional
Nama salep obat kutil kelamin
Obat kutil kelamin tanpa operasi Obat oles untuk kutil kelamin Obat kutil di alat kelamin pria Obat untuk kutil pada kelamin Obat tradisional kutil pada kelamin Obat penyakit kutil kelamin Obat penghilang kutil kelamin Obat perontok kutil kelamin Obat tradisional kutil kelamin pada pria Obat apotek untuk kutil kelamin Apa obat untuk kutil kelamin Obat alami untuk mengobati kutil kelamin Obat kutil kelamin yang ada di apotik Dimana beli obat kutil kelamin Obat tradisional buat kutil kelamin Beli obat kutil kelamin Obat salep buat kutil kelamin Obat cina kutil kelamin Cuka obat kutil kelamin Obat cina untuk kutil kelamin Obat cina penghilang kutil kelamin Obat china untuk kutil kelamin Obat kutil di kelamin pria Obat tradisional kutil di kelamin Obat kutil di daerah kelamin Obat untuk menghilangkan kutil di kelamin
Obat dokter untuk kutil kelamin
cara mengobati kutil kelamin dengan propolis beli obat kutil kelamin di apotik nama obat kutil kelamin di apotek harga pengobatan kutil kelamin obat kutil kelamin imiquimod obat kutil kelamin jakarta obat kutil kelamin kaskus lama pengobatan kutil kelamin obat kutil kelamin mujarab obat kutil kelamin medis mengobati kutil kelamin secara medis obat kutil kelamin paling murah jual obat kutil kelamin murah kutil kelamin dan pengobatan nya obat kutil kelamin tanpa operasi pengobatan setelah operasi kutil kelamin pengobatan penyakit kutil kelamin wanita cara mengobati kutil kelamin pria mengobati kutil pada kelamin pria mengobati kutil kelamin dengan propolis pengobatan kutil pada kelamin obat kutil kelamin resep dokter obat kutil kelamin salep obat kutil kelamin surabaya cara mengobati kutil kelamin secara tradisional
Obat Kencing Nanah
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Obat Sipilis Obat Herbal Kutil Kelamin Obat Kencing Nanah Obat Kencing Nanah Ampuh Obat Kelamin Keluar Nanah Obat Sipilis Pada Pria Obat Kencing Nanah Di Apotik Obat Kencing Nanah Di Apotik Obat Kencing Nanah Di Apotik Obat Kencing Nanah Di Apotik Obat Kencing Nanah 3 Hari Sembuh Obat Kencing Nanah 3 Hari Sembuh Obat Kencing Nanah 3 Hari Sembuh Obat Kencing Nanah 3 Hari Sembuh Penyakit Kencing Nanah Penyakit Kencing Nanah Penyakit Kencing Nanah Penyakit Kencing Nanah Penyakit Kencing Nanah Pria Penyakit Kencing Nanah Pria Penyakit Kencing Nanah Pria Penyakit Kencing Nanah Pria
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Books by Balkinization Bloggers ![]() Jack M. Balkin, What Roe v. Wade Should Have Said: The Nation's Top Legal Experts Rewrite America's Most Controversial Decision - Revised Edition (NYU Press, 2023) ![]() Andrew Koppelman, Burning Down the House: How Libertarian Philosophy Was Corrupted by Delusion and Greed (St. Martin’s Press, 2022) ![]() Gerard N. Magliocca, Washington's Heir: The Life of Justice Bushrod Washington (Oxford University Press, 2022) ![]() Joseph Fishkin and William E. Forbath, The Anti-Oligarchy Constitution: Reconstructing the Economic Foundations of American Democracy (Harvard University Press, 2022) Mark Tushnet and Bojan Bugaric, Power to the People: Constitutionalism in the Age of Populism (Oxford University Press 2021). ![]() Mark Philip Bradley and Mary L. Dudziak, eds., Making the Forever War: Marilyn B. Young on the Culture and Politics of American Militarism Culture and Politics in the Cold War and Beyond (University of Massachusetts Press, 2021). ![]() Jack M. Balkin, What Obergefell v. Hodges Should Have Said: The Nation's Top Legal Experts Rewrite America's Same-Sex Marriage Decision (Yale University Press, 2020) ![]() Frank Pasquale, New Laws of Robotics: Defending Human Expertise in the Age of AI (Belknap Press, 2020) ![]() Jack M. Balkin, The Cycles of Constitutional Time (Oxford University Press, 2020) ![]() Mark Tushnet, Taking Back the Constitution: Activist Judges and the Next Age of American Law (Yale University Press 2020). ![]() Andrew Koppelman, Gay Rights vs. Religious Liberty?: The Unnecessary Conflict (Oxford University Press, 2020) ![]() Ezekiel J Emanuel and Abbe R. Gluck, The Trillion Dollar Revolution: How the Affordable Care Act Transformed Politics, Law, and Health Care in America (PublicAffairs, 2020) ![]() Linda C. McClain, Who's the Bigot?: Learning from Conflicts over Marriage and Civil Rights Law (Oxford University Press, 2020) ![]() Sanford Levinson and Jack M. Balkin, Democracy and Dysfunction (University of Chicago Press, 2019) ![]() Sanford Levinson, Written in Stone: Public Monuments in Changing Societies (Duke University Press 2018) ![]() Mark A. Graber, Sanford Levinson, and Mark Tushnet, eds., Constitutional Democracy in Crisis? (Oxford University Press 2018) ![]() Gerard Magliocca, The Heart of the Constitution: How the Bill of Rights became the Bill of Rights (Oxford University Press, 2018) ![]() Cynthia Levinson and Sanford Levinson, Fault Lines in the Constitution: The Framers, Their Fights, and the Flaws that Affect Us Today (Peachtree Publishers, 2017) ![]() Brian Z. Tamanaha, A Realistic Theory of Law (Cambridge University Press 2017) ![]() Sanford Levinson, Nullification and Secession in Modern Constitutional Thought (University Press of Kansas 2016) ![]() Sanford Levinson, An Argument Open to All: Reading The Federalist in the 21st Century (Yale University Press 2015) ![]() Stephen M. Griffin, Broken Trust: Dysfunctional Government and Constitutional Reform (University Press of Kansas, 2015) ![]() Frank Pasquale, The Black Box Society: The Secret Algorithms That Control Money and Information (Harvard University Press, 2015) ![]() Bruce Ackerman, We the People, Volume 3: The Civil Rights Revolution (Harvard University Press, 2014) Balkinization Symposium on We the People, Volume 3: The Civil Rights Revolution ![]() Joseph Fishkin, Bottlenecks: A New Theory of Equal Opportunity (Oxford University Press, 2014) ![]() Mark A. Graber, A New Introduction to American Constitutionalism (Oxford University Press, 2013) ![]() John Mikhail, Elements of Moral Cognition: Rawls' Linguistic Analogy and the Cognitive Science of Moral and Legal Judgment (Cambridge University Press, 2013) ![]() Gerard N. Magliocca, American Founding Son: John Bingham and the Invention of the Fourteenth Amendment (New York University Press, 2013) ![]() Stephen M. Griffin, Long Wars and the Constitution (Harvard University Press, 2013) Andrew Koppelman, The Tough Luck Constitution and the Assault on Health Care Reform (Oxford University Press, 2013) ![]() James E. Fleming and Linda C. McClain, Ordered Liberty: Rights, Responsibilities, and Virtues (Harvard University Press, 2013) Balkinization Symposium on Ordered Liberty: Rights, Responsibilities, and Virtues Andrew Koppelman, Defending American Religious Neutrality (Harvard University Press, 2013) ![]() Brian Z. Tamanaha, Failing Law Schools (University of Chicago Press, 2012) ![]() Sanford Levinson, Framed: America's 51 Constitutions and the Crisis of Governance (Oxford University Press, 2012) ![]() Linda C. McClain and Joanna L. Grossman, Gender Equality: Dimensions of Women's Equal Citizenship (Cambridge University Press, 2012) ![]() Mary Dudziak, War Time: An Idea, Its History, Its Consequences (Oxford University Press, 2012) ![]() Jack M. Balkin, Living Originalism (Harvard University Press, 2011) ![]() Jason Mazzone, Copyfraud and Other Abuses of Intellectual Property Law (Stanford University Press, 2011) ![]() Richard W. Garnett and Andrew Koppelman, First Amendment Stories, (Foundation Press 2011) ![]() Jack M. Balkin, Constitutional Redemption: Political Faith in an Unjust World (Harvard University Press, 2011) ![]() Gerard Magliocca, The Tragedy of William Jennings Bryan: Constitutional Law and the Politics of Backlash (Yale University Press, 2011) ![]() Bernard Harcourt, The Illusion of Free Markets: Punishment and the Myth of Natural Order (Harvard University Press, 2010) ![]() Bruce Ackerman, The Decline and Fall of the American Republic (Harvard University Press, 2010) Balkinization Symposium on The Decline and Fall of the American Republic ![]() Ian Ayres. Carrots and Sticks: Unlock the Power of Incentives to Get Things Done (Bantam Books, 2010) ![]() Mark Tushnet, Why the Constitution Matters (Yale University Press 2010) Ian Ayres and Barry Nalebuff: Lifecycle Investing: A New, Safe, and Audacious Way to Improve the Performance of Your Retirement Portfolio (Basic Books, 2010) ![]() Jack M. Balkin, The Laws of Change: I Ching and the Philosophy of Life (2d Edition, Sybil Creek Press 2009) ![]() Brian Z. Tamanaha, Beyond the Formalist-Realist Divide: The Role of Politics in Judging (Princeton University Press 2009) ![]() Andrew Koppelman and Tobias Barrington Wolff, A Right to Discriminate?: How the Case of Boy Scouts of America v. James Dale Warped the Law of Free Association (Yale University Press 2009) ![]() Jack M. Balkin and Reva B. Siegel, The Constitution in 2020 (Oxford University Press 2009) Heather K. Gerken, The Democracy Index: Why Our Election System Is Failing and How to Fix It (Princeton University Press 2009) ![]() Mary Dudziak, Exporting American Dreams: Thurgood Marshall's African Journey (Oxford University Press 2008) ![]() David Luban, Legal Ethics and Human Dignity (Cambridge Univ. Press 2007) ![]() Ian Ayres, Super Crunchers: Why Thinking-By-Numbers is the New Way to be Smart (Bantam 2007) ![]() Jack M. Balkin, James Grimmelmann, Eddan Katz, Nimrod Kozlovski, Shlomit Wagman and Tal Zarsky, eds., Cybercrime: Digital Cops in a Networked Environment (N.Y.U. Press 2007) ![]() Jack M. Balkin and Beth Simone Noveck, The State of Play: Law, Games, and Virtual Worlds (N.Y.U. Press 2006) ![]() Andrew Koppelman, Same Sex, Different States: When Same-Sex Marriages Cross State Lines (Yale University Press 2006) Brian Tamanaha, Law as a Means to an End (Cambridge University Press 2006) Sanford Levinson, Our Undemocratic Constitution (Oxford University Press 2006) Mark Graber, Dred Scott and the Problem of Constitutional Evil (Cambridge University Press 2006) Jack M. Balkin, ed., What Roe v. Wade Should Have Said (N.Y.U. Press 2005) Sanford Levinson, ed., Torture: A Collection (Oxford University Press 2004) Balkin.com homepage Bibliography Conlaw.net Cultural Software Writings Opeds The Information Society Project BrownvBoard.com Useful Links Syllabi and Exams |