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Balkinization Symposiums: A Continuing List                                                                E-mail: Jack Balkin: jackbalkin at yahoo.com Bruce Ackerman bruce.ackerman at yale.edu Ian Ayres ian.ayres at yale.edu Corey Brettschneider corey_brettschneider at brown.edu Mary Dudziak mary.l.dudziak at emory.edu Joey Fishkin joey.fishkin at gmail.com Heather Gerken heather.gerken at yale.edu Abbe Gluck abbe.gluck at yale.edu Mark Graber mgraber at law.umaryland.edu Stephen Griffin sgriffin at tulane.edu Jonathan Hafetz jonathan.hafetz at shu.edu Jeremy Kessler jkessler at law.columbia.edu Andrew Koppelman akoppelman at law.northwestern.edu Marty Lederman msl46 at law.georgetown.edu Sanford Levinson slevinson at law.utexas.edu David Luban david.luban at gmail.com Gerard Magliocca gmaglioc at iupui.edu Jason Mazzone mazzonej at illinois.edu Linda McClain lmcclain at bu.edu John Mikhail mikhail at law.georgetown.edu Frank Pasquale pasquale.frank at gmail.com Nate Persily npersily at gmail.com Michael Stokes Paulsen michaelstokespaulsen at gmail.com Deborah Pearlstein dpearlst at yu.edu Rick Pildes rick.pildes at nyu.edu David Pozen dpozen at law.columbia.edu Richard Primus raprimus at umich.edu K. Sabeel Rahmansabeel.rahman at brooklaw.edu Alice Ristroph alice.ristroph at shu.edu Neil Siegel siegel at law.duke.edu David Super david.super at law.georgetown.edu Brian Tamanaha btamanaha at wulaw.wustl.edu Nelson Tebbe nelson.tebbe at brooklaw.edu Mark Tushnet mtushnet at law.harvard.edu Adam Winkler winkler at ucla.edu Compendium of posts on Hobby Lobby and related cases The Anti-Torture Memos: Balkinization Posts on Torture, Interrogation, Detention, War Powers, and OLC The Anti-Torture Memos (arranged by topic) Recent Posts Hayek and Katrina (or: How to Be a Compassionate Conservative, For Real)
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Tuesday, September 13, 2005
Hayek and Katrina (or: How to Be a Compassionate Conservative, For Real)
Brian Tamanaha
Conservative beliefs are being tested by Katrina, perhaps as never before. The idea that--beyond serving to maintain social order--government is the problem rather than the solution has been a fundamental conservative tenet at least since the Reagan Administration. The nigh universal, bipartisan criticism of the government's inadequate (to put it politely) response to this humanitarian disaster, however, is evidence of a broad and deep social consensus within the United States that the job of the government is to do much more. It is responsible for the health and welfare of the people, and for insuring a decent way of life for the most disadvantaged among us.
Comments:
Hayek was certainly a complex thinker, and a bit of an optimist. Compassion is fine, but you can't make a person feel compassion, you can only compel them to act as if they did. The Great Society must happen spontaneously if at all. I'm not so optimistic.
If "conservative beliefs are being tested," it's only according to progressive rules of the game, wherein calls for faster government response to things like Katrina transmogrify into pleas for federal largesse.
Many conservatives feel vindicated by Katrina. We see that FEMA imploded (predictably, perhaps), and that local and state first responders could have done a better job with better leadership. For good or for ill, what Ray Nagin did and did not do is being measured against what Rudy Giuliani did and did not do. That Nagin suffers by comparison speaks to competence, not to the idea that smaller government is better government. The National Guard, the active-duty military, and the Coast Guard performed logistical miracles of the kind conservatves expect from American armed forces. When municiplal employees in New Orleans were lamenting the fact that their poorly-maintained satellite phones were unworkable, the owner of a local ambulance company mobilized his employees to provide the only triage available city-wide in the first hours of the disaster. That, too, affirms conservative faith in private enterprise.
"We see that FEMA imploded"
Ridiculous. Reminds me of the line, "Republicans are always saying government doesn't work, and then they get into power and prove it." "Conservative" governments tend to choose not to govern which unsurprisingly leads to poor government. As far as Katrina is concerned at the Federal level this is clearly a case of negligence. The resources were there to handle it, individuals in power chose not to handle it. FEMA has worked well enough before under different leadership, and with different funding priority. Plenty is wrong with FEMA past and present, but unfortunately for conservatives there are plenty of examples of FEMA and many other state agencies and programs working well enough. Comparing Nagin to Giuliani is also prima facie absurd. The two events and cities aren't remotely comparable. If Nagin suffers by comparison it speaks mostly to the agenda of those doing the comparing. As to your last point: Did private individuals mobilize to save victims of the disaster? Of course they did. Could more people have been saved if competent individuals had mobilized gov't resources properly? Of course. Are you really willing to believe that the baseline amount of people saved in the libertarian free-for-all during the aftermath is the maximum or even approaching the maximum possible amount of people saved had order been kept and plans been enacted? Only a hidebound ideologue could buy that.
The middle quote covers the problem of externalities, but much of the debate is how to avoid shifting the costs to the commons. The EPA usually ends up being incompetent in passing silly rules or like the forest service that stopped any big fire until the brush built up and all we had were uncontrollable fires.
Most insurance programs are or will become like social security - if the premiums are sufficient, it will be a raidable cookie jar, if they aren't then we will need more taxes. If we want mandatory auto insurance, it should be a tax - many end up going bare when they can't afford it and the state doesn't help with it. But there are still moral hazards - If no one would insure the mortgages for buildings below sea level, they wouldn't be built and NOLA wouldn't have been as much of a problem. If treatement for lung cancer and emphysema became "free", there might be more smokers. And private insurance and charities would be crowded out. If FEMA wasn't there, and the Red Cross and the thousands of individuals with cases of water in their trunks were allowed in, I think things would have worked out better. Does the state (that which uses violence) have a role in "acts of God"? A minimal one at best. Private charities managed to do good jobs back when we had a constitution (when it was not a living document and a dead letter at the same time). To get back to social security - does anyone think in 20 years it will still be there? The promises were that we could all retire. Then the benefits were taxed. Then they were taxed at over 80%. It will eventually be means-tested and medical care will end up being "third world" quality for those who cannot afford it. Overpromise. Deliver while Mr. Ponzi lets you. Blame someone else when it collapses. Overpromise so government becomes the first resort and for the most trivial problems instead of major disasters - but eventually it gets bankrupt so it can't handle major disasters (assuming you could get competent managers instead of political cronies - and whomever led FEMA under Clinton would likely have caused the same problems). You look at the secularization and the culture of death and forget that there were other institutions beside the state which handled everything in the past. We live in a society where we have no community in the church, no community in local organizaitons (kiwanas, FOE, Lions club), and no community elsewhere, and the family has dissolved, so the only thing left is the unfeeling but resourceful state to take care of anyting and we think such a situation normal. It is highly abnormal. But when you've thrown down the cathedral, you are left with the cube. If I thought Hayek would have endorsed Social Security as an insurance policy, I would lose a lot of respect for him. Or if he would have approved of destroying all the private and community (non state) charitable institutions that would take care of things to give the state a defacto monopoly on welfare (welfare is redistribution without the virtue of charity).
Interesting that you would refer to Hayek as a "conservative standard". Hayek was a classical liberal, and thus as opposed to "conservatism" (defined as favoring the status quo as he would have been to the leftism that we term "liberalism" today.
IMHO, champions of political/economic liberalism like Friedman and Hayek should be more properly classed as "conservative libertarians" or perhaps even straightforward libertarians than simply "conservative".
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